tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58947297479607323722024-03-13T14:53:42.851-07:00dephinayuliantiAnonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13398214812692565607noreply@blogger.comBlogger2125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5894729747960732372.post-26733563354412058232012-10-05T05:41:00.001-07:002012-10-05T05:41:41.341-07:00Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13398214812692565607noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5894729747960732372.post-346758993903307102012-10-04T06:52:00.000-07:002012-10-05T06:21:17.249-07:00pengantar teknologi informasi<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: red; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt;">PENGANTAR
TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #7030a0;">TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI</span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Pengertian
Teknologi Informasi ( TI )</b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Menurut Haag dan Keen ( 1996 )</b></div>
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Teknologi Informasi adalah seperangkat alat yang membantu
manusia bekerja dengan informasi dan melakukan tugas-tugas yang berhubungan
dengan pemrosesan informasi</div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Menurut Martin ( 1999 )</b></div>
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Teknologi Informasi tidak hanya terbatas pada teknologi
komputer (perangkat keras dan perangkat lunak) yang digunakan untuk memproses
dan menyimpan informasi, melainkan juga mencakup teknologi komunikasi untuk
mengirimkan informasi</div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI</b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Pengertian Teknologi Informasi</b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Menurut Williams dan Sawyer ( 2003 )</b></div>
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Teknologi Informasi adalah teknologi yang menggabungkan
komputasi (komputer) dengan jalur komunikasi berkecepatan tinggi yang membawa
data, suara, dan video</div>
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Teknologi
Informasi adalah gabungan antara teknologi komputer dan teknologi telekomunikasi</div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">TEKNOLOGI
INFORMASI</b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Pengelompokan
Teknologi Informasi</b></div>
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Teknologi Informasi di kelompokkan menjadi 6
teknologi, yaitu ::</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Teknologi Komunikasi</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Teknologi Masukan (Input)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Teknologi Keluaran (Output)</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Teknologi Perangkat Lunak (Software)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Teknologi Penyimpan (Storage )</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Teknologi Pemrosesan</div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">TEKNOLOGI
INFORMASI </b></div>
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Fungsi Teknologi informasi:</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Capture</div>
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Proses
penyusunan rekord aktivitas yang terperinci </div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Processing<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></div>
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Proses
mengubah, menganalisis, menghitung dan mengumpulkan semua bentuk data atau
informasi </div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Generation<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></div>
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Proses
yang mengorganisir informasi kedalam bentuk yang bermanfaat. </div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Storage dan Retrieval<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
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Storage<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Proses penyimpanan data atau informasi<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></div>
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Retrieval
:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Proses penempatan salinan data
untuk<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>pengolahan lebih lanjut atau
untuk<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ditransmisikan ke pengguna lain </div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Transmission<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></div>
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Proses
Komputer mendistribusikan informasi melalui jaringan komunikasi .</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
Komponen Utama Sistem Teknologi Informasi </div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Perangkat Keras (Hardware) </div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Perangkat Lunak (Software) </div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Manusia (Brainware)</div>
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Perangkat Keras Komputer</div>
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(Hardware)</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Komponen
Hardware</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
–<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Central Processing Unit(CPU)</div>
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–<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Media Penyimpanan atau Memory</div>
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–<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Input Device (Peralatan Input)</div>
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–<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Output Device (Peralatan Output)</div>
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–<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Communication Device (Peralatan
Komunikasi)</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Central Processing Unit (CPU)</div>
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Komponen
CPU :</div>
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Control
Unit</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
Arithmatic
Logic Unit<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(ALU)</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Machine Cycle (Siklus Mesin)</div>
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–<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Fetch</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
–<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Decode</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
–<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Execute</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
–<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Store</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
–<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Communication Device (Peralatan
Komunikasi)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
–<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Faktor Penentu Kemampuan Prosesor:</div>
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•<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>System Clock</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
•<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Bus Width</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
•<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I/O Bus</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
•<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Data Bus</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
•<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Word Size</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
•<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Jenis Proses :</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 2.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
o<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Serial Processing</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 2.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
o<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Parallel Processing</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
•<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>SIMD (Single Instruction Multiple Data)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
•<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>MIMD (Multiple Instruction Multiple Data)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
Pipeline Processing</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tahapan Proses :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Pengambilan
instruksi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Penerjamahan
instruksi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Ekseskusi
instruksi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Penulisan hasil instruksi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Media Penyimpanan(Storage)</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Primary
Storage</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>RAM
(Random Access Memory)</div>
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<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>DRAM (Dynamic RAM)</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>SRAM (Static RAM)</div>
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<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>EDORAM (Extended Data Out RAM )72 pin</div>
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<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>SDRAM 168 pin</div>
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–<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ROM (Read Only Memory)</div>
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–<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>PROM</div>
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